World Health Day
2013 (Theme: Hypertension) – 7th April
Today is
celebrated as World Health Day. On this special day, I just wanted to share few
points which can help us to create a HEALTHY
TOMORROW. It is an initiative by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to
spread the awareness about health quotient. This post is just my small part in
spreading the awareness about the Hypertension,
which has been chosen as the theme for this year. Read it and spread the
awareness if you find it useful. All the facts and contents are based on the
references cited at the end of my post.
History behind World Health Day:
World
Health Day is celebrated on 7th April to mark the anniversary of the founding
of WHO in 1948. Each year a theme is selected for World Health Day that
highlights a priority area of public health concern in the world.
The theme
for 2013 is Hypertension (High Blood
Pressure).
What is Hypertension :
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| Image Source: Stock.xchng |
Hypertension
also known as High blood pressure or raised blood pressure - increases the risk
of heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure. If left uncontrolled, high blood
pressure can also cause blindness, irregularities of the heartbeat and heart
failure. One in three
adults worldwide has high blood pressure.
High blood
pressure is very common, especially in middle-aged and elderly people. Once it
has developed it tends to last for life. High blood pressure puts a strain on
the heart and circulatory system, which can ultimately cause damage to many
parts of the body.
The normal
level for blood pressure is below 120/80, where 120 represents the systolic
measurement (peak pressure in the arteries) and 80 represents the diastolic measurement (minimum pressure in the
arteries).
- Blood
pressure between 120/80 and 139/89
is called prehypertension (to denote
increased risk of hypertension), and
- Blood
pressure of 140/90 or above is
considered hypertension.
Causes of Hypertension :
Though the
exact causes of hypertension are usually unknown, there are several factors
that have been highly associated with the condition. These include:
- ·
Smoking
- ·
Obesity
or being overweight
- ·
Diabetes
- ·
Lack
of physical activity
- ·
High
levels of salt intake (sodium sensitivity)
- ·
Insufficient
calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption
- ·
Vitamin
D deficiency
- ·
High
levels of alcohol consumption
- ·
Stress
- ·
Aging
- ·
Medicines
such as birth control pills
- ·
Genetics
and a family history of hypertension - In May 2011, scientists from the
University of Leicester, England, reported in the journal Hypertension that
some genes in the kidneys may contribute to hypertension.
- ·
Chronic
kidney disease
- ·
Adrenal
and thyroid problems or tumors
Who are more prone to Hypertension:
- · Up
to the age of 45, more men have high blood pressure than women.
- More
women have hypertension by the time they reach 65.
- You
have a greater risk if a close family member has high blood pressure or if you
are diabetic
- · About
60% of people with diabetes have high blood pressure.
Symptoms of Hypertension:
There is no
specific symptom for identifying hypertension. About 33% of people actually do
not know that they have high blood pressure, and this ignorance can last for
years. For this reason, it is advisable to undergo periodic blood pressure
screenings even when no symptoms are present.
However,
extremely high blood pressure may have some symptoms which include:
·
Severe
headaches
·
Fatigue
or confusion
·
Dizziness
·
Problems
with vision
·
Chest
pains
·
Breathing
problems
·
Irregular
heartbeat
·
Blood
in the urine
Effects of Hypertension:
·
Brain: High blood pressure can cause tiny
blood vessels inside your brain to rupture. A bleeding vessel or clot inside
the brain can result in a stroke.
·
Eyes: If a blood vessel inside the eye
ruptures from hypertension, it can cause blurred vision and even blindness.
·
Kidneys: If blood vessels inside the kidneys
become too narrow, these organs can lose their ability to filter waste products
out of your blood. This can lead to kidney failure, which may require dialysis
or a kidney transplant.
·
Heart: The heart is a muscle that requires
oxygenated blood. If it doesn't get enough oxygen to function properly or blood
flow to the heart is blocked, this can cause angina or a heart attack. Over
time, the pressure of having to work harder can weaken your heart — a condition
called congestive heart failure.
Prevention of Hypertension :
High blood
pressure is both preventable and treatable. The risk of developing high blood
pressure can be reduced by:
·
Reducing
salt intake
·
Eating
a balanced diet
·
Avoiding
harmful use of alcohol
·
Taking
regular physical activity
·
Maintaining
a healthy body weight and
·
Avoiding
tobacco use.
Conclusion:
Since there
is no specific symptom for the Hypertension, we need to be extremely cautious. Hypertension
is often a life-long condition. It is important to take your medications and
continue to monitor your blood pressure. If you keep it under control, you can
reduce your risk of stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure. Lifestyle
modification plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of
Hypertension. Lack of awareness also leads to increase in the incidence of
Hypertension. Lets share and spread the awareness and make a healthy tomorrow.
Disclaimer:
All content in this blog is provided only for general information and awareness
based on the references cited at the bottom, and should not be treated as a
substitute for the medical advice of the health care professional.
References:
who.int, patienthealthinternational.com,
medicalnewstoday.com, webmd.com, everydayhealth.com